In recent decades, the subak system has come under increasing threat from commercial development, population growth, tourism and modern agricultural practices. These challenges, along with climate change, put the future of the subak at risk.
In 2012, the subak system gained UNESCO World Heritage status under the title “Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: The Subak system as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy.” This recognition marked a significant milestone in ensuring the longevity of subak, boosting awareness and support for the preservation and maintenance of the ancient system. Today, conservation organizations, local communities and government bodies unite in a collaborative effort to promote responsible tourism and improve the sustainability of the subaks.
Browse through the four UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Bali and discover the historical, cultural and spiritual significance of each location.